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1.
Dement. neuropsychol ; 15(4): 440-447, Oct.-Dec. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350681

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic suspended face-to-face assistance offered by community spaces, such as day centers (DCs). People with dementia (PwD) and their families were faced with the risks posed by social detachment and suspension of treatments. Objective: This study aimed to present a virtual day center (VDC) program offered as a preventive strategy to reduce the damage caused by social isolation and interruption of treatment imposed by the pandemic. Methods: The experience report, describing the feasibility of a VDC program, offered to 26 PwD and their caregivers, during the first year of the pandemic. The VDC held individual and group meetings with PwD and their families and psychoeducational support groups for caregivers. Results: The attendance rate in group activities was 80%, and that in the caregiver group was 68%, showing a good virtual interaction. Throughout the year, three PwD interrupted the service due to difficulties of the caregivers to reconcile the schedules of the activities with their professional commitments and the absence of a support network, three others died, and two were institutionalized. PwD remained physically, socially, and cognitively active through daily virtual activities. Guidance and support for caregivers contributed to the organization of routines and adaptation to the isolation and maintenance of the bond. Family meetings made it possible to mediate conflicts and expand the support network. Conclusions: VDC is a promising modality to assist the needs and demands of PwD and their caregivers. VDC can contribute to the expansion of this intervention to individuals and families who do not have access to face-to-face treatment.


RESUMO A pandemia da COVID-19 impôs a suspensão da assistência presencial oferecida por espaços comunitários, como centros dias. Pessoas com demência (PcD) e seus familiares enfrentam os riscos do distanciamento social e da suspensão dos tratamentos. Objetivos: Apresentar um programa de centro dia virtual (CDV) oferecido como estratégia preventiva para reduzir os danos causados pelo isolamento social e interrupção do tratamento impostos pela pandemia. Métodos: Relato de experiência, descrevendo a viabilidade de um programa VDC, oferecido a 26 PcD e seus cuidadores, durante o primeiro ano da pandemia. O CDV realizou reuniões individuais e em grupo com PcD e seus familiares e grupos de apoio psicoeducacional para cuidadores. Resultados: A taxa de comparecimento nas atividades em grupo foi de 80% e nos grupos de cuidadores foi 68%, demonstrando uma boa interação virtual. Ao longo do ano, três PcD interromperam o atendimento por dificuldade dos cuidadores em conciliar os horários das atividades com seus compromissos profissionais e ausência de rede de apoio, outros três faleceram e dois foram institucionalizados. PcD mantiveram-se física, social e cognitivamente ativas por meio de atividades virtuais diárias. A orientação e o apoio aos cuidadores contribuíram para a organização das rotinas, a adaptação ao isolamento e manutenção do vínculo. As reuniões familiares possibilitaram mediar conflitos e ampliar a rede de apoio. Conclusões: o CDV é uma modalidade promissora para atender às necessidades e demandas de PcD e seus cuidadores. O CDV pode contribuir para a expansão dessa intervenção a indivíduos e famílias que não têm acesso ao tratamento presencial.


Subject(s)
Humans , Telemedicine , Dementia , Pandemics , Physical Distancing , COVID-19
2.
Dement. neuropsychol ; 13(3): 268-283, July-Sept. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039655

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Day care (DC) provides a break in daily care as a support strategy for family caregivers (FC) of people with dementia (PwD). Objective: to analyze the support strategies used by the DC for FC, their methodological and theoretical models, as well as the respective benefits for FC burden, coping strategies and quality of life. Methods: a systematic review following the Prisma methodology was performed on PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus and SciELO electronic databases in August, 2018. The search keywords were "day care", "dementia" or Alzheimer disease, "caregiver", "quality of life" and "psychological adaptation". Results: twenty-one studies were included. No randomized controlled trials were found. The provision of education, counseling and support, access to information, the professionals' expertise and the quality of their relationship with DC users were highlighted by caregivers. Compared to standard programs centering on PwD, the integrated program focused on PwD and FC activities showed increased feelings of competence and self-confidence of FC to postpone institutionalization. Heterogeneity in the structure and organization of the DC programs, intervention strategies and theoretical basis was observed. Conclusion: Integrated programs are a promising approach that addresses the needs and demands of PwD and their FC in a multidimensional manner.


RESUMO O centro-dia (CD) permite uma pausa no cuidado diário como estratégia de apoio aos cuidadores familiares (CF) das pessoas com demência (PcD). Objetivo: analisar as estratégias de suporte aos CF oferecidas pelos CD, seus modelos metodológicos e teóricos, bem como os respectivos benefícios sobre sua sobrecarga, estratégias de enfrentamento e qualidade de vida. Métodos: uma revisão sistemática utilizando a metodologia Prisma foi realizada nos bancos de dados eletrônicos PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus e SciELO em agosto, 2018. As palavras chave da pesquisa foram "centro dia", "demência" ou doença de Alzheimer, "cuidador", "qualidade de vida" e "adaptação psicológica". Resultados: vinte e um estudos foram incluídos. Não foram encontrados estudos randomizados. A oferta de educação, aconselhamento e apoio, o acesso a informações sobre a estrutura e o programa do CD, a expertise dos profissionais e a qualidade da relação destes com os usuários foram aspectos ressaltados pelos cuidadores. Comparados aos programas padrão centrados na PcD, estudos descrevendo o programa integrado, focado nas atividades para PcD e CF, mostraram um aumento no sentimento de competência e autoconfiança do CF e adiamento da institucionalização. Observou-se heterogeneidade na estrutura e organização dos programas de CD, nas estratégias de intervenção e nas bases teóricas. Conclusão: programas integrados são uma abordagem promissora que atende às necessidades e demandas das PcD e seus CF de forma multidimensional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Quality of Life , Adaptation, Psychological , Caregivers , Dementia , Alzheimer Disease
3.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(2): 84-91, Feb. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-775564

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE : To describe video-assisted ovariohysterectomy (OHE) with two portals access in adult intact queens. METHODS Fifty-two females cats were used. A 4 mm cannula was positioned in the abdomen through an incision close to the umbilicus (first portal), and a pneumoperitoneum was established. A second portal was positioned in the midline of the pre-pubic region. Females were positioned in right lateral recumbency to locate the left ovarian pedicle, and the uterine horn was held by a transcutaneous suture. The pedicle was cauterized and incised. The procedure was then performed on the contralateral ovary. The ovaries were exteriorized from the abdomen, along with the uterus, through the second access point. The uterine body was exposed, fixed and sectioned, and the abdominal incisions were sutured. RESULTS Surgeries were performed in an average of 41.4±14.2 minutes. The main complications included hypotension (7.7%) and subcutaneous emphysema (7.7%), and 13.5% of the surgeries were converted to laparotomy. CONCLUSION Ovariohysterectomy using a video-assisted technique and two access portals is safe, has minimal risks and is effective for the spaying of queens.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cats , Postoperative Complications/veterinary , Ovariectomy/veterinary , Video-Assisted Surgery/veterinary , Hypotension/etiology , Hysterectomy/veterinary , Ovariectomy/methods , Video-Assisted Surgery/instrumentation , Operative Time , Hysterectomy/methods
4.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 51(4): 304-308, 2014.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-750882

ABSTRACT

The effects splenic dilatation induced by acepromazine in a prospective, randomized study. Thirtythree adult mongrel dogs were divided into two groups designated as AG (acepromazine 0.05 mg/kg, i.v., n = 23) and CG (0.9 percent sodium chloride administered at a similar volume, n = 10). In both groups underwent sonographic examinations before (T0) and fifteen minutes (T15) after drug injection. The thickness spleen and splenic vein width were measured. Higher thickness was found in the AG group at T15 (2.47 cm) when compared to that at T0 (2.06 cm, p = 0.016), while the T0 (2.33 cm) and T15 (2.39 cm) measures did not differ within the CG group. Moreover, the splenic vein width was higher (p = 0.013) at T15 than at T0 in the AG group. Based on results of this study, we concluded that acepromazine, in doses of 0.05 mg/kg, promotes splenomegaly in dogs after fifteen minutes of the injection.


Foram avaliados os efeitos de dilatação esplênica induzidos pela acepromazina em estudo do tipo prospectivo e randomizado. Trinta e três cães foram distribuídos em dois grupos designados como GA (acepromazina 0,05 mg/kg, i.v., n = 23) e GC (solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9 por cento em volume semelhante ao GA, i.v., n = 10). Em ambos os grupos foi realizada ultrassonografia abdominal previamente à aplicação das substâncias (T0) e após 15 minutos (T15). A espessura do baço e a largura da veia esplênica foram mensuradas. Foi verificada maior espessura esplênica no GA no T15 (2,47 cm) quando comparado a T0 (2,06 cm, p = 0,016), enquanto no GC não houve diferença significativa, sendo T0 (2,33 cm) e T15 (2,39 cm). Ainda, a largura da veia esplênica foi maior no T15 (p = 0,013) comparado a T0no GA. Baseado nos resultados encontrados, pode-se concluir que a acepromazina na dose de 0,05 mg/kg induz a esplenomegalia em cães após 15 minutos da aplicação.


Subject(s)
Animals , Acepromazine , Dogs/classification , Phenothiazines/analysis , Wolves
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